西方对爱国主义的爱恨情仇：从麦金太尔与努斯鲍姆论起

简成熙

西方对爱国主义的爱恨情仇：从麦金太尔与努斯鲍姆论起

简成熙

详细信息

作者简介:
简成熙,台湾屏东大学教育行政研究所教授,教育学院院长(台湾屏东,90003)

中图分类号: G40-02
计量
- 文章访问数: 533
- HTML全文浏览量: 75
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-16

The Love-hate Dilemma of Western Patriotism as Understood by MacIntyre, Nussbaum and Others

CHIEN Chenghsi

摘要

摘要: 启蒙以后的西方自由主义氛围强调个人自主，公民教育的重点不在于爱国、认同、效忠、牺牲等积极美德，而在于对国家公权力不当限制、权利义务的相互规范。自由主义也担心爱国主义或民族主义会造成种族沙文主义。社群主义如麦金太尔等却认为国家具有构成性价值，爱国重新受到正视。努斯鲍姆从道德普遍主义、全球交流的视野，强调世界主义应优先于爱国主义。塔米尔则发展自由民族主义，维罗里提出没有民族主义的爱国主义，企图调和二者的可能冲突。西方世界对爱国主义"爱恨情仇"的学术讨论，不仅值得东方世界参考，今日西方一股浓厚在政治、经济上反中的作法，更值得西方世界重新反思。一言以蔽之，西方重新发扬爱国主义，不应成为阻碍全球化、中西方合作与世界和平的理想。
- 爱国主义 /
- 民族主义 /
- 公民教育 /
- 自由主义 /
- 社群主义
Abstract: Since the Enlightenment, liberalism highlights individual autonomy. Correspondingly, civic education put emphasis on restriction of state power and counterbalance between rights and obligations, instead of patriotism, identity, loyalty, sacrifice and other positive virtues. In the view of liberalism, patriotism and nationalism might lead to chauvinism. On the other side, communitarianism represented by A. MacIntyre believes country is of constitute value so that patriotism is ought to be treated squarely. In contrast, Nussbaum declares that cosmopolitanism should precede over patriotism from the perspective of moral universalism and global communication. Besides, Y. Tamir advocates liberal nationalism, while M. Viroli proposes to patriotism without nationalism, both of which attempt to neutralize the tension between communitarianism and liberalism. As far as I am concerned, not merely the debates about patriotism in western world is valuable for the Eastern, but the Western had better review their anti-china behaviors in the aspects of politics and economy nowadays. In brief, it is not supposed to hinder globalization, cooperation between east and west and world peace, when the west summons the spirit of patriotism.
- patriotism /
- nationalism /
- civic education /
- liberalism /
- communitarianism

HTML全文

参考文献(28)

[1]	Mulhall, S., & Swift, A. Liberals and communitarians[M]. Oxford:Blackwell, 1992.
[2]	MacIntyre, A. Is patriotism a virtue? The Lindley Lecture[M]. Lawrence:University of Kansas Press, 1984.
[3]	Cohen, J. (Ed.). For love of country:Debating the limits of patriotism[M]. Boston:Beacon, 1996.
[4]	Archard, D. Should we teach patriotism?[J]. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 1999, 18(4):199-222.
[5]	Brighouse, H. Justifying patriotism[J]. Social Theory and Practice, 2006, 32(4), 547-558.
[6]	Callan, E. Creating citizen:Political education and liberal democracy[M]. Oxford:Clarendon Press, 1997.
[7]	Enslin, P. The place of national identity in the aim of education. In R. Marples (Ed.) The aims of education[J]. New York and London:Routledge, 1999:100-111.
[8]	Hand, M. Should we promote patriotism in school?[J]. Political Studies, 2011, 59:328-347.
[9]	Stevens, D. The case of the Chingford skinhead:John White on education and special obligation between fellow nationals[J]. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 1999, 33(3):353-370.
[10]	White, J. National myths, democracy and education. In D. Bridges (ed.), Education, autonomy and democratic citizenship[J]. London & New York:Routledge, 1997:115-126.
[11]	White, J. Patriotism without obligation[J]. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 2001, 35(1):141-151.
[12]	郑航, 肖燕华. 20世纪90年代以来美国爱国主义的时代际遇与实践取向[J]. 比较教育研究, 2014, 3:44-49.
[13]	闫闯, 郑航. 社群主义的国家认同与爱国主义教育[J]. 教育学报, 2015, 11(6):3-9.
[14]	吕梦含. 润物无声、爱国有声:我国语文教科书"国家形象"的建构与实效[J]. 湖南师范大学教育科学学报, 2016, 15(5):56-62.
[15]	郑航. 国家认同教育:培养理性的爱国者[J]. 教育研究与实验, 2012, 3:22-27.
[16]	刘铁芳. 国家认同的教育意蕴及其实现[J]. 探索与争鸣, 2018, 2:119-126.
[17]	曹婧. 共同体感觉的培育与国家认同教育的可能路径[J]. 湖南师范大学教育科学学报, 2017, 16(3):26-31.
[18]	韩震. 全球化时代的文化认同与国家认同[M]. 北京市:北京师范大学出版社, 2013.
[19]	陈高华. 大学教师与国家认同[J]. 东北大学学报(社会科学版), 2016, 18(1):94-98.
[20]	李伟言. 国家认同问题的教育学省思[J]. 湖南师范大学教育科学学报, 2017, 16(3):32-38.
[21]	[美]玛莎努斯鲍姆. 培养人性:从古典学角度为通识教育改革辩护[M]. 李艳, 译. 上海:上海三联书店, 2013, 39-51.
[22]	Nussbaum, M C. Anger and forgiveness:Resentment, generosity[J]. justice. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 2016.
[23]	Miller, D. The ethical significance of nationality, Ethics[J], 1988, 98(4), 647-662.
[24]	Miller, D. On Nationality[M]. Oxford:Clardendon Press, 1995.
[25]	Tamir, Y. Liberal nationalism[M]. Princeton:Princeton University Press, 1993.
[26]	江宜桦. 自由主义、民族主义与国家认同[M]. 台北市:扬智, 1998, 60-61.
[27]	Habermas, J. Citizenship and national identity:Some reflections on the future of Europe[J]. Praxis International, 1992, 12:1-19.
[28]	Viroli, M. For Love of country:An essay on patriotism and nationalism[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1997:183.