Value Implications and Practical Pathways of Patriotic Sites of Memory in Primary and Secondary Schools

Under the impact of globalization and multiculturalism, the continuation of collective memory faces challenges, which requires the reconstruction of national memory through carriers such as material and spiritual ones. As a collective memory space connecting history and the present, sites of memory strengthen identity through the context reproduction and emotional cultivation. Based on Pierre Nora's "sites of memory" theory, this paper explores the value of primary and secondary schools, as typical "sites of memory", in patriotic education. It proposes that patriotic sites of memory construct an immersive collective memory space through three-dimensional representations (material, spiritual, and social), stimulating students' emotional resonance and internalizing it into patriotic behaviors. Taking a school with military culture as an example, the paper demonstrates the effectiveness of such paths as school history museum narration, creation of red landscapes, integration of ideological and political courses, online media communication, and embodied practices including ritual activities. Furthermore, it provides practical solutions for patriotic education in the new era from the theoretical perspective of "sites of memory", emphasizing the realization of intergenerational inheritance of national memory and value identification through the systematic design of multi-dimensional representations.