Reference and Reflection on Singapore's Family Education Support Policy under the Background of Low Birth Rate
-
摘要: 少子化背景下，家庭教育支持政策的制定和实施成为普遍关注的重要议题。以有着系统化家庭教育资源支持的新加坡为对象，聚焦其21份家庭教育支持政策，可揭示其隐含的主题结构与特征。从主题构成来看，7个政策主题之间区分度较高，共同构成了一个结构清晰的政策框架。从政策领域来看，政策资源明显向服务支持倾斜，其中儿童发展是重中之重。在此基础上，可将7个主题归纳为三个核心维度：子女教育与发展，父母职业发展与子女教育的平衡，以及政策制定、实施与管理。基于新加坡家庭教育支持政策呈现出“去家庭化”“去商品化”与“系统化”等特征，我国在相关政策设计中可借鉴其调整政策价值取向、关注结构性不平等问题以及提升政策有效性与前瞻性的经验。Abstract: In order to cope with the situation of low birth rate, Singapore government has tried to alleviate the pressure of parents on education investment through a series of policy designs. This study examines 21 family education support policies from Singapore, a nation with a systematic framework of family education resources, for revealing their underlying thematic structure and distinctive characteristics. From the perspective of thematic composition, the seven policy themes exhibit a high degree of differentiation and collectively form a well-structured policy framework. In terms of policy domains, resources are clearly skewed toward service support, with child development as the central priority. On this basis, the seven themes can be synthesized into three core dimensions: children's education and development; the balance between parents' career development and children's education; and policy formulation, implementation, and governance. Given that Singapore's family education support policies exhibit characteristics of de-familialization, de-commodification, and a well-structured system, China may draw on these experiences in adjusting policy value orientations, addressing structural inequalities, and enhancing policy effectiveness and foresight.
-
Key words:
- family education /
- LDA topic model /
- policy analysis /
- Singapore /
- sub-replacement fertility
-
表 1 新加坡家庭教育支持政策一览表
政策名称 颁发部门 时间 幼儿发展中心规范准则（Code of Practice for Early Childhood Development Centres） 幼儿发展署（Early Childhood Development Agency） 2024 早期发展框架（Early Years Development Framework） 同上 2023 幼儿教育持续专业发展路线图（Early Childhood Continuing Professional Development Roadmap） 同上 2023 加大对新加坡人组建家庭与抚养子女的支持力度（Greater support for Singaporeans in starting and raising families） 社会与家庭发展部（Ministry of Social and Family Development） 2023 培育早期学习者：新加坡学前教育课程框架（Nurturing Early Learners: A Curriculum Framework for Preschool Education in Singapore） 教育部（Ministry of Education） 2022 幼儿教育技能框架（Skills Framework for Early Childhood） 精深技能发展局（Skills Future） 2022 为家庭而设2025计划（A Singapore Made for Families 2025） 社会与家庭发展部 2022 幼儿发展中心设立指南（Guide to Setting up an Early Childhood Development Centre） 幼儿发展署 2020 …… …… …… 培育早期学习者——新加坡幼儿园课程框架：家长指南（Nurturing Early Learners–A Curriculum Framework for Kindergartens in Singapore: A Guide for Parents） 教育部 2012 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 政策文本前18高频词汇
词项 频率 词项 频率 Child（儿童） 2431 Educator（教育者） 388 Learn（学习） 1106 Skill（技能） 335 Development（发展） 663 Environment（环境） 330 Centre（中心） 565 Practice（实践） 324 Activity（活动） 477 Plan（规划） 271 Experience（体验） 473 Outdoor（户外） 251 Play（游戏） 410 Professional（专业） 246 Support（支持） 405 Time（时间） 228 Family（家庭） 393 Licensee（持证机构） 213
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Rindfuss R R, Choe M. Low and lower fertility[M]. Zurich: Springer international publishing, 2015: 33-61. [2] 易信. 以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化的理论逻辑、现实要求和政策建议[J]. 经济纵横, 2024, (09): 48-56. [3] The Economist Intelligence Unit. Worldwide cost of living: Singapore and Zurich top the ranking as the world's most expensive cities[EB/OL]. (2023-11-30)[2026-3-23]. https://www.eiu.com/n/singapore-and-zurich-top-the-list-as-the-worlds-most-expensive-cities .[4] 查明辉. 我国普惠性学前教育发展模式政策选择的研判研究[J]. 教育学术月刊, 2024, (03): 23-31. [5] Ritchie H, Mathieu E. Which countries are most densely populated?[EB/OL]. (2019-9-6)[2026-3-23]. https://ourworldindata.org/most-densely-populated-countries .[6] Ang L, Lipponen L, Lim S M Y. Critical reflections of early childhood care and education in Singapore to build an inclusive society [J]. Policy futures in education, 2020, 19(2): 139-154. [7] Mathews M, Lim L, Selvarajan S, et al. Uncovering parents' mindsets: schools, stress and support[R]. Institute of Policy Studies, Singapore, 2021: 12-16. [8] OECD. PISA data explorer: 2022 results[EB/OL]. (2024-6-18)[2026-3-23]. https://pisadataexplorer.oecd.org/ide/idepisa/dataset.aspx .[9] 房莉杰, 陈慧玲. 平衡工作与家庭: 家庭生育支持政策的国际比较[J]. 人口学刊, 2021, (02): 86-97. [10] 王雯, 尹红笑. 家庭政策及其政策环境对提升生育水平的联动效应——基于12个典型国家的fsQCA分析[J]. 人口与经济, 2023, (05): 98-111. [11] 张雪. 新加坡首次提生育率目标以保人口稳定[EB/OL]. (2012-10-11)[2026-3-23]. https://world.huanqiu.com/article/9CaKrnJxlah .[12] Strategy Group, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore. Enhanced marriage & parenthood package in support of a profamily environment in Singapore[EB/OL]. (2013-01-21)[2026-3-23]. https://www.strategygroup.gov.sg/media-centre/press-releases/enhanced-marriage-parenthood-package-in-support-of-a-profamily-environment-in-singapore .[13] Tong Z, Zhang H. A text mining research based on LDA topic modelling[C/OL]. The Sixth International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Vienna, May 21-22, 2016. [2026-3-23]. https://www.csitcp.org/abstract/6/66csit16 .[14] 张永安, 马昱. 基于R语言的区域技术创新政策量化分析[J]. 情报杂志, 2017, (03): 113-118. [15] 吴莹. 从"去家庭化"到"再家庭化": 对困境儿童福利政策的反思[J]. 社会建设, 2023, (01): 29-41+56. [16] Our World in Data. Government spending on education as a share of GDP[EB/OL]. (2026-3-4)[2026-3-23]. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/education-spending?tab=line&time=earliest..latest&spending_type=gdp_share&level=all .[17] Bertotti M. Social prescribing policy, research and practice: transforming systems and communities for improved health and wellbeing[M]. Berlin: Springer, 2024: 147-159. [18] Ministry of Manpower, Singapore. Committee of supply 2025: factsheet on enterprise workforce transformation package (EWTP)[EB/OL]. (2025-3-7)[2026-3-23]. https://www.mom.gov.g/-/media/mom/documents/budget2025/cos-2025-factsheet-on-enterprise-workforce-transformation-package.pdf .[19] Deskimo. Why flexible work is taking off in Singapore 2025[EB/OL]. (2025-5-23)[2026-3-23]. https://www.deskimo.com/blog/flexible-work-singapore-2025 .[20] 安德森. 福利资本主义的三个世界观[M]. 苗正民, 滕玉英, 译. 北京: 商务印书馆, 2010: 31-33. [21] 康德. 道德形而上学原理[M]. 苗力田, 译. 上海: 上海人民出版社, 2002: 47. [22] 张国忠. 新加坡基于家庭的社会管理[EB/OL]. (2024-2-2)[2026-3-23]. http://xinhuanet.com/world/2015-10/27/c_128357313.htm . -
点击查看大图
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 161
- HTML全文浏览量: 79
- PDF下载量: 42
- 被引次数: 0