From "Study" to "Field": The Triple Transformation and Constant Background of Qu Junong's Educational Philosophy

Since the New Culture Movement, domestic scholars have either dedicated themselves to theoretical writings or engaged in practical endeavors for the ideal of saving the nation through education. Whether in the theoretical and practical circles, Qu Junong has left a profound mark. By examining over 300 of his written works and tracing his lifelong involvement in social activities, this study reveals a shift in his educational philosophy—from the "study" to the "field"—as he transformed from an elite academic into a hands-on practitioner deeply rooted in rural communities. Alongside this change in his life's setting, Qu Junong's educational thought underwent triple transformations while retaining certain enduring principles. The transformations were reflected in his shift from defending metaphysical ideals to embracing scientific foundations, as well as the gradual fading of elitism and idealism in his educational views, replaced by a focus on the broader populace and social realities. Meanwhile, his unwavering commitment lay in his persistent pursuit of educational freedom and his lifelong dedication to social reconstruction. Moving from the "study" to the "field, " Qu Junong transcended the roles of a mere theorist or practitioner, emerging as a true educator in every sense.