Japan's Educational Aids to Timor-Leste: Types of Aid, Value Orientation and Implementation Effects

Since the independence of Timor-Leste, Japan has always been an important donor to it. Japan's educational aid to Timor-Leste can be summarized into three types, i. e. service-oriented aid, aid for human resource development, and aid for cooperative development. Japan's educational aid to Timor-Leste presents a political orientation that serves its national strategy, an international moral orientation that attempts to reduce poverty, and an economic development orientation that hopes to expand external developmental space. Looking at the long-term aid practice, Japan's educational aid to Timor-Leste has contributed to the recovery and development of Timor-Leste's education to a certain extent. However, its aid also has some problems, such as uneven distribution of aid among regions, low proportion of educational aid in ODA, misalignment of aid priorities, and limited aid synergy. How to further promote high-quality education cooperation and achieve a win-win result is an important issue for the two governments to consider in the future.