无意识与有意识恐惧记忆习得的性别差异

杨勇; 何安明; 惠秋平; 郑希付

无意识与有意识恐惧记忆习得的性别差异

基金项目:

信阳师范学院青年骨干教师资助计划、国家自然科学基金项目（31970996）、国家社会科学基金重大项目（19ZDA360）、河南省教师教育课程改革研究项目（2020-JSJYYB-031）、河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目（2020BJY031）、广东省哲学社会科学规划项目（GD19YXL01）、幸福广州心理服务与辅导基地资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
杨勇,信阳师范学院教育科学学院校聘副教授,硕士生导师;何安明,信阳师范学院教育科学学院教授,硕士生导师;惠秋平,信阳师范学院教育科学学院副教授,硕士生导师。

通讯作者:

郑希付(通讯作者),华南师范大学心理学院教授,博士生导师。

中图分类号: G442
计量
- 文章访问数: 475
- HTML全文浏览量: 79
- PDF下载量: 32
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-03
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-09

Gender Differences in the Acquisition of Unconscious and Conscious Fear Memory

摘要

摘要: 近年来女性更容易患焦虑障碍的现象受到越来越多研究者的重视，然而以往关于恐惧记忆习得性别差异的相关研究只考虑了有意识恐惧记忆学习，却忽视了无意识恐惧条件作用。基于此，本研究在恐惧条件作用过程中同时呈现无意识条件刺激和有意识条件刺激，从而同时考察在无意识恐惧记忆与有意识恐惧记忆习得进程中的性别差异。结果发现男性可以快速地习得有意识恐惧记忆，并能成功地识别无意识安全信息；相对地，女性在有意识恐惧记忆习得的速度上较慢，并且表现出无意识安全学习缺陷。根据这些结果，在教育中强化女性个体的无意识安全学习能力可能是降低焦虑障碍发病风险的一种途径。
- 焦虑障碍 /
- 恐惧记忆 /
- 恐惧条件作用 /
- 性别差异 /
- 无意识
Abstract: In recent years, more and more researchers paid attention to the phenomenon that female are more likely to suffer from anxiety disorder. However, previous studies on gender differences in fear memory acquisition only considered conscious fear memory learning, but neglected the role of unconscious fear conditioning. Based on this, this study presents both unconscious and conscious conditioned stimuli in the process of fear conditioning, so as to investigate the gender differences in the acquisition process of unconscious and conscious fear memory simultaneously. The results show that males can rapidly acquire conscious fear memories and successfully identify unconscious safety information; in contrast, females are slower in acquiring conscious fear memory and show deficits in unconscious safety learning. According to these results, it may be a way to reduce the risk of anxiety disorder by strengthening the ability of individual female's unconscientious safety learning in education.
- anxiety disorder /
- fear memory /
- fear conditioning /
- gender differences /
- unconsciousness

HTML全文

参考文献(16)

[1]	Helzer J E, Robins L N, Mcevoy L N. Post-traumatic stress disorder in the general population. Findings of the epidemiologic catchment area survey[J]. N Engl J Med, 1987, 317(26):1630-1634.
[2]	Ö Frans, P-A Rimmö, Aberg L, et al. Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder in the general population[J]. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2010, 111(4):291-290.
[3]	Yang Y, Jie J, Junjiao L, et al. A novel method to trigger the reconsolidation of fear memory[J]. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2019:122.
[4]	Desmedt A, Marighetto A, Piazza P V. Abnormal Fear Memory as a Model for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder[J]. Biological Psychiatry, 2015, 78(5):290-297.
[5]	Izquierdo I, Furini CR, Myskiw JC. Fear Memory[J]. Physiological Reviews, 2016, 96(2):695.
[6]	Vervliet B, Craske M G, Hermans D. Fear Extinction and Relapse:State of the Art[J]. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2013, 9(1):215-248.
[7]	Choy Y, Fyer A J, Lipsitz J D. Treatment of specific phobia in adults[J]. Clinical Psychology Review, 2007, 27(3):266-286.
[8]	Teniel Sonya Ramikie, and Kerry J. Ressler, 'Mechanisms of Sex Differences in Fear and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder[J]. Biological Psychiatry, 2018, 83(10):876-85.
[9]	杨勇, 李俊娇, 陈伟, 胡琰健, 曹杨婧文, 竭婧, 郑希付. 恐惧记忆习得与消退的性别差异及其神经机制[J]. 心理科学, 2020, 43(1):224-231.
[10]	孙楠, 魏艺铭, 李倩, 郑希付. 条件性恐惧记忆消退返回的性别差异[J]. 心理学报, 2012, 44(3):314-321.
[11]	徐亮, 谢晓媛, 闫沛, 李俊娇, 郑希付. 条件性恐惧泛化的性别差异[J]. 心理学报, 2018, 50(2):197-205.
[12]	刘志华, 陈彩琦, 金志成. 选择性注意的理论及其发展趋势——认知神经研究[J]. 心理科学, 2003(4):709-712.
[13]	蒋军, 陈安涛, 张蔚蔚, 张庆林. 无意识信息引发的认知控制及其神经机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2012, 20(10):1573-1584.
[14]	陈群林, 罗俊龙, 蒋军, 位东涛, 张庆林. 无意识加工对创造性问题解决的促进效应[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2012, 28(6):569-575.
[15]	Day, Harriet L. L., Molly M. Reed, and Carl W. Stevenson. Sex Differences in Discriminating between Cues Predicting Threat and Safety[J]. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 2016(133):196-203.
[16]	Maeng, Lisa Y., and Mohammed R. Milad. Sex Differences in Anxiety Disorders:Interactions between Fear, Stress, and Gonadal Hormones[J]. Hormones and Behavior, 2015(76):106-117.