Abstract: The development of children's cognition of friends and the behavior of making friends is conducive to the development of children sociality, and also helps parents and teachers to carry out educational activities. In this study, the children in senior kindergarten class were selected as the research object, and the cognitive status and characteristics of friends of senior class were studied and analyzed by using the interview and natural observation method. The results showed that the children's understanding of the connotation of friends in senior class remained in the appearance, and a few understood the inner meaning. The interaction between friends is dominated by positive emotions, believing that friends are close and equal. The range of making friends has obvious time and space characteristics. First, the time of making friends is long and the frequency is high. Second, keep the friendship for a long time; Third, the children's friends and spatial distance are positively correlated. In order to promote children's social development, improve their cognition of friends and making friends, four educational suggestions are put forward based on the factors influencing children's cognition of friends and the reasons for making friends. First, teachers and parents should pay attention to children and encourage them to communicate with their peers. Second, integrating into life and improving children's understanding of friends. Third, providing opportunities to create conditions for children to interact. Fourth, improving the children's strategy of making friends according to the situation.