The Motivation, Experience and Enlightenment of Quality Assurance of Higher Education in Egypt
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摘要: 提高高等教育质量已成为一种国际共识。对于发展中国家而言，建设质量保障体系是实现教育可持续发展的重要基础。埃及正处在社会转型期，提供高质量的教育服务，满足雇主对人才培养的需求，提高毕业生的就业竞争力是埃及高等教育发展所面临一项紧迫任务。近二十年来，埃及建立了从高校到专业乃至课程的多层面、综合性的高等教育质量保障体系，通过国际合作与国内项目共同推动高等教育质量的提升。该体系的优点在于相对严格的同行评议制和与国际相接轨的质量认证标准及评估认证程序，问题则在于质量认证体系中存在的结构性缺陷以及由阿兹哈尔高等教育机构所引发的系统性障碍。Abstract: Improving the quality of higher education has become an international consensus, especially for developing countries. Establishing a quality assurance system is an important foundation for achieving sustainable development in education. Egypt is currently undergoing a social transformation, and providing high-quality education services, meeting the demand of employers for talent development, and enhancing the employability of graduates are urgent tasks for the development of higher education in Egypt. Over the past two decades, Egypt has established a multi-level, comprehensive, and multi-dimensional higher education quality assurance system that encompasses universities, disciplines and programs. This system has been promoted through international cooperation and domestic projects to enhance the quality of higher education. The advantages of this system lie in the relatively strict peer review mechanism and the alignment with international quality certification standards and evaluation procedures. However, there are also structural deficiencies within the quality assurance system and systemic barriers caused by Azhar higher education institutions, which pose challenges and limitations.
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Key words:
- Egypt /
- Higher education /
- Quality assurance /
- Accreditation /
- Enlightenment
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表 1 NAQAAE概况
目标定位 打造一个国际性的认证主体，以公正合理以及目标明确的工作态度使其在非洲、阿拉伯地区甚至在国际性上获得认证，但同时仍保留埃及自身特性 任务使命 确保埃及教育机构的质量，保障教育质量的持续提升以及学业表现的高效性；
通过独立、公正以及透明质量认证程序赢得公众对高等教育的信心操作原则 教育质量责任制原则；
学生主体原则；
终身学习与“学会学习”的原则；
市场导向的原则；
过程—结果相结合认证的原则执行计划 与所有教育获益者合作建立教育质量持续提升的标准；
为各级教育机构提供持续支持；
持续对教育质量进行认证认证框架 认证类型：高等院校认证、高校院系认证、课程认证(包括网络课程)；
认证标准：高校政策，高校产出以及高校培养人才在社会的适应性；
院校教学能力与教育产出的有效性；
课程的有效性资料来源：The National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation[EB/OL].(2022-01-31)[ 2023-07-01]. http://en.naqaae.org.eg .
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