Abstract: This paper explores the theoretical foundations of educational practice in China. It breaks through the boundary of education and digs into the theoretical bases of Chinese education. More specifically, it examines the value transition from "human-oriented" culture to "mass-oriented" culture, together with the theoretical transition from practical learning to the theory of practice. Furthermore, rooted in the context of education, this paper explores the differences and commonalities in the values and theoretical attributes of humanities between China and the Western world, shedding light on issues of the theory of educational practice in China. The intention of the discussions is to produce a sympathetic understanding of the misunderstandings and conflicts between the principles of "invisible hand" and "visible hand" once in the history of humanities in the People's Republic.